NAD+ & SIRTUINS

WHAT ARE SIRTUINS?

Sirtuins (Silent Information Regulators) are a class of proteins that regulate optimum cellular health. [1]

academic.oup.com/mend/article/21/8/1745/2738297

They are found in healthy cells, but as we age the body produces less and less.

SIRTUINS NEED NAD+ FOR THEIR FORMATION [2]

anti-agingfirewalls.com/2014/11/11/nad-an-emerging-framework-for-life-extension-part-1-the-nad-world-2/

Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7) perform a variety of functions essential for cellular health.

Some target transcription regulation, others healthy inflammatory response and metabolism [3]

pdb101.rcsb.org/motm/213

WHAT DO SIRTUINS DO?

Sirtuins influence and help a wide range of healing processes in the body [4]

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23325925

They are found in healthy cells, but as we age the body produces less and less.

Increasing levels of NAD+ is as one ages is very important.

NAD+ supplementation - MAIN MECHANISM to Increasing SIRTUIN ACTIVITY

Towards the OPTIMUM LEVELS from our Youth.

Scientific evidence shows sirtuins are important energy status sensors.

Sirtuins also protect cells against metabolic stresses.

Sirtuins are understood to regulate the aging process.²

SIRT bound to NAD: [5]

pdb101.rcsb.org/motm/213

SIRT1

Is an enzyme which is crucial in single and double strand DNA break repair.[6]

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3943707

SIRT1 ACTIVITY IS NEUROPROTECTIVE. [7]

nature.com/articles/s41419-018-0553-6

SIRT3

Is critical for maintaining mitochondrial integrity and function.

Can regulate cell survival, death and metabolic pathways.

Helping to control the balance between health and disease.

SIRT6

Protects against aging-associated pathologies.

Chromatin regulation by SIRT6 maintains stem cell homeostasis and function.

This suggests that SIRT6 opposes aging-related stem cell dysfunction. [8]

cell.com/trends/endocrinology-metabolism/fulltext/S1043-2760(16)30127-8

NAD+, SIRTUINS & AGING

Recent scientific studies are showing optimum levels of NAD+ and sirtuins are crucial for healthy aging.

Research is pointing to the use of sirtuins as a powerful tool in anti-aging medicine/approaches

INCREASING LEVELS OF NAD+ IS CONSIDERED ONE OF THE MAIN ROUTES. [9]

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5514220/

It has also been demonstrated that NAD+ decreases as we age reducing sirtuin activity

Reduced sirtuin activity:

Disrupts communication between the nucleus and mitochondria at a cellular level
Disrupts communication between the hypothalamus and fat tissue at a systemic level.[10]

nature.com/articles/npjamd201617

Sirtuins are important in:

Supporting healthy inflammatory system
Energy efficiency
Mitochondrial regulation
Circadian rhythm (the bodies biological clock)
Aging [11]

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2922851/

SIRTUIN TYPES

	Location	Activity	Function
SIRT1	Nucleus	Deacetylase	Metabolism, inflammatory response, neurone health
SIRT2	Cytoplasma	Deacetylase	Cell cycle
SIRT3	Nucleus, mitochondria	Deacetylase	Metabolism
SIRT4	Mitochondria	ADP-ribosylation	Insulin secretion
SIRT5	Mitochondria	Deacetylase	Unknown
SIRT6	Nucleus	ADP-ribosylation	DNA repair
SIRT7	Nucleus	Unknown	rDNA transcription